Duval County, iri kuFlorida kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kwemahombekombe, imusha kuJacksonville - nzvimbo yedhorobha ine simba apo runako rwechisikigo runosangana nerunako rwetsika. Kubva kumahombekombe egungwa uye zviratidziro zvenhoroondo kusvika kumamiziyamu akazadzwa neunyanzvi uye nehusiku hunofadza, dunhu rino rinopa chimwe chinhu kumunhu wese. Kunyangwe iwe uri kuronga kuenda kwekupera kwevhiki kana kutsvaga zvitsva zvemuno, heino gwara rako rakazara kune zvakanakisa zvinhu zvekuita muDuval County.
🌴 Ongorora Zvikuru Zvinokwezva
- Jacksonville Zoo & Gardens -Inowanikwa pa370 Zoo Parkway, iyi mhuri yepamusoro inokwezva ine mhuka dzinopfuura zviuru zviviri, gadheni rebotanical rakakura, uye zviitiko zvinonakidza semadyiro etwiza uye nzvimbo dzevana. Vashanyi vanogonawo kuongorora zviratidziro zvine themed zvakaita seRange yeJaguar, Great Apes of the World, uye African Forest. Kuvhura zuva nezuva 9 AM–5 PM (yekupedzisira kupinda 4 PM). Kupinda: ~ $ 30 vakuru, ~ $ 26 vana. Ronga kupedza kanenge hafu yezuva pano kuti unakirwe zvechokwadi.
- Iyo Cummer Museum yeArt & Gardens – Pa829 Riverside Ave paRwizi rweSt. Iyo miziyamu maeka maviri emagadheni akashongedzwa anopa runyararo rune runyararo nekuona kunoshamisa kwerwizi. Musanganiswa wakakwana wehunyanzvi, nhoroondo, uye runako rwekunze. Open Tue–Sun; mazuva ekubvumirwa mahara paMigovera yakasarudzwa. Usarasikirwa nenhoroondo yemiti yemuoki uye mifananidzo yezvivezwa mumapindu.
- Fort Caroline National Memorial & Kingsley Plantation -Ongorora yeFort Caroline's 16th-century yekuFrance yekumisikidzwa replica, inotaura nyaya yekutanga kuongorora kweEurope muFlorida, wozonanga kuKingsley Plantation kunoona imba yakachengetedzwa yezana ramakore rechi 19, dzimba dzevaranda, uye matongo eminda. Ose ari maviri chikamu cheTimucuan Ecological uye Historic Preserve uye akanakira nhoroondo buffs. Vashanyi vanogona kukwira nzira dzechisikigo padyo kana kutora nzendo dzinotungamirwa nevaridzi kuti vadzidze zvakawanda nezve kukosha kwetsika yenzvimbo. Vose vakasununguka kupinda.
- Kushamwaridzana Tsime & Riverwalk -Iri tsime remurwizi Tsime ndeimwe yenzvimbo dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa dzeJacksonville, ine mukurumbira nemwenje unopenya unoratidza uye jeti dzinosvika 100 tsoka kumusoro. Inonyanya kunaka usiku, zvichiita kuti ive nzvimbo inodiwa yemifananidzo. Iyo paki yakatenderedza inobatana zvisina musono kuNorthbank neSouthbank Riverwalks, uko vashanyi vanogona kunakidzwa nekuona kwakanaka kwedhorobha, mabhiriji, uye zvikepe zvinopfuura. Maresitorendi nemakofi ari padyo anoita kuti ive nzvimbo yekuzorora yevakaroora uye mhuri zvakafanana.
🌿 Outdoor Adventures & Beaches
Iine anopfuura mamaira makumi maviri nemaviri emahombekombe uye 1,100 mamaira enzira dzemvura, Duval County iparadhiso yevadikani vekunze.
Mahombekombe eKushanya:
- Jacksonville Beach -Iyo inonyanya kufarirwa yakatambanudzwa, yakanakira kusefa, volleyball, uye husiku hupenyu.
- Neptune Beach uye Atlantic Beach -Nharaunda dzemahombekombe dzakazorora dzine zvitoro zveboutique uye yekudyira yegungwa.
- Huguenot Memorial Park -Iyo chete yekutyaira-pamhenderekedzo yegungwa muJacksonville, zvakare yakanakira kumisasa uye kuona shiri.
- Big Talbot Island State Park -Inozivikanwa kune imwe nyika yayo "Boneyard Beach" ine driftwood zvivezwa uye nzira dzekufamba mumakomo.
Mapaki & Nzira:
Kathryn Abbey Hanna Park (Atlantic Beach) inopa 20+ mamaira enzira, nzvimbo dzemisasa, uye dziva remvura yakachena ye kayaking. Jacksonville Arboretum & Gardens (1445 Millcoe Road) inopa runyararo nzira dzekufamba uye dziva rinotaridzika, rakakwana kumhuri pikiniki.
Mitambo Yemvura:
Nakidzwa nekukwira pabhodhi paIntracoastal Waterway, kayaking kuburikidza nematope emunyu, kana kubata hove uchitevedza St. Johns River. Vazhinji vezvipfeko zvemuno vanopa marendi uye anotungamirwa eco-tours.
🎭 Tsika & Nhoroondo Dzepamusoro
- Museum of Science & History (MOSH) -Pa1025 Museum Circle, MOSH inoratidzira muunganidzwa unogara uchingobuda wezviratidziro zvinoratidzira zvinoratidzira yakasarudzika yeJacksonville ecosystem, mhuka dzesango dzemahombekombe, uye zvekare tsika. Iyo museum yeBryan-Gooding Planetarium inopa inonyudza nzvimbo inoratidza uye inorarama zviitiko zvenyeredzi, nepo sainzi lab yayo inobata vana mumaoko-pakuedza. Yakanakira mhuri, vadzidzi, uye chero ani zvake anoda kuziva kuti zvakasikwa nevanhu zvinopindirana sei. Usapotsa akakosha anotenderera anoratidza anowanzo kuratidza misoro senge Florida archaeology, simba rinogoneka, uye kuongorora nzvimbo.
- Museum of Contemporary Art (MOCA) - Inowanikwa mudhorobha pa 333 N. Laura Street, MOCA Jacksonville inoratidzira mutsara unotenderera wematunhu, nyika, uye nyika dzepasirese. Kupfuura magaraji ayo, iyo museum inobata kutariswa kwemafirimu, hurukuro, uye mashopu ehunyanzvi, zvichiita kuti ive hubhu yekurudziro yekugadzira. Iyo in-house cafe uye chitoro chezvipo zvinopawo kuravira kwetsika tsika. Kubvumirwa mahara pamazuva akasarudzwa-seChitatu chekutanga chemwedzi wega wega-kunoita kuti ive chiitiko chinowanikwa kune vese vashanyi uye vagari venzvimbo. Tarisira zviratidziro zvinokurudzira kufunga zvinopikisa pfungwa uye zvinoratidzira madingindira emagariro.
- Ritz Theatre uye Museum - Munharaunda ine nhoroondo yeLaVilla, iyo Ritz Theatre inopemberera nhaka yeAfrica-America uye nhaka yeJacksonville "Harlem of the South." Vashanyi vanogona kunakidzwa nekutenderera kuratidzwa kwehunyanzvi, mimhanzi inorarama, nhetembo slams, uye mafirimu anoratidzwa anokudza midzi yeguta yakadzika tsika. Zviratidziro zvinotarisisa zvakagonekwa nevaimbi veVatema, vemabhizinesi, uye vatungamiriri vevanhu kubva kutanga kwema1900 kusvika nhasi. Mavakirwo eiyo theatre pachayo chiyeuchidzo chipenyu, chinoratidza nguva yegoridhe yejazz uye kugonesa nharaunda.
- Alhambra Dinner Theatre -Kune imwe yakasarudzika uye isingafadzi manheru, iyo Alhambra inopa Broadway-maitiro anoratidza akapetwa negourmet matatu-kosi chikafu. Yakavambwa muna 1967, ndiyo yakarebesa-inomhanya yemitambo yemitambo muUS Patrons inogona kunakidzwa nemhando dzekare se Rwiyo rweMimhanzi uye My Fair Lady kana zvazvino zvinofarirwa nevatambi vane tarenda vemuno uye vekushanya. Iyo yepedyo nzvimbo dhizaini inobvumira yakanakisa acoustics uye kupindirana kwevateereri. Nemamenu anotenderera emwaka uye zvigadzirwa zvemazororo, kushanya kwese kunovimbisa chimwe chinhu chitsva uye chisingakanganwike.
🎶 Hupenyu hwehusiku & Varaidzo
- Beach Bars & Breweries - Nzvimbo yehusiku yeJacksonville Beach izere nesimba. Tanga manheru ako paPete's Bar, dive inodiwa ine nhoroondo kubva 1933, kana kunwa cocktails dzinopisa paLemon Bar uchifefeterwa nemhepo yegungwa. Vanofarira doro vanogona kutevera Jax Ale Trail yekuzvifambisa-kutungamira, kutora mibairo-yakahwina mabhii ekugadzira mabhii kuElemon, Boldi City neIni. Mazhinji enzvimbo idzi anogamuchira husiku hwematrivia, marori ezvekudya, uye maacoustic seti anorarama-akanakira manheru emazuva ese pamhenderekedzo.
- Downtown Vibes -Mudhorobha reJacksonville, varaidzo inobudirira munzvimbo dzenhoroondo uye nematenga emazuva ano zvakafanana. Bata konzati kuFlorida Theatre yeTheatre, uko zvivakwa kubva kuma1920s zvinosangana nepamusoro-tier acoustics, kana kupinda chiitiko chikuru paDaily's Place amphitheatre padyo neEverBank Stadium. Mushure mezvo, tungamira kuThe Volstead, mutauriri ane nyanzvi yekusanganisa uye mazambiringa ambiance, kana kutora maonero emudenga kubva padenga remba muSan Marco neRiverside. Mazizi ehusiku anogona zvakare kuongorora mafambiro eunyanzvi, mamics akavhurika, uye husiku hwekutamba kwechiLatin hwakapararira mukati medhorobha.
- Rarama Mimhanzi -Mumhanzi weguta remumhanzi tsika inotenderera gore rose, ichipa chimwe chinhu kune chero kuravira. Kamuri yekuteerera yeBlue Jay uye Jack Rabbits vanotambira indie, vanhu, uye mabhendi edombo munzvimbo dzepedyo. Breezy Jazz House inoburitsa mavibe akaomesesa nemitambo ine mweya kubva kune zvese ngano dzemuno uye zviitiko zvenyika. Panguva yemitambo yakaita seSpring the Blues kana Jax Jazz Fest, zvidhinha zvese zvinoshanduka kuita nzvimbo dzekonzati dzakavhurika, dzichibatanidza vagari venzvimbo uye vashanyi pasi pemutinhimira weruzha rwepamoyo. Kunyangwe iwe uchida jazz, rock, nyika, kana zvemagetsi mabhiti, Duval County mimhanzi inovimbisa husiku husingakanganwike.
🍽️ Nzvimbo Dzakanakisa dzekudyira
Zvaunofarira munharaunda:
- Safe Harbor Seafood -Inozivikanwa nekushandira mamwe manyoro eMayport shrimp akananga kubva kumabhoti ekuredza emuno. Idya panze uchiona vabati vehove vachiunza hove dzezuva, kana kunakidzwa nehove dzakasviba tacos uye ndiro dzegungwa. Iyo yakajairwa pamberi pemvura yekumisikidza inopa maonero asingarondedzere echiteshi, zvichiita kuti ive yekuenda kune vagari venzvimbo nevashanyi zvakafanana.
- Metro Diner -Chikafu cheJacksonville chakawana mukurumbira wenyika nekuda kwemoyo wayo, chikafu chekunyaradza. Inozivikanwa nehuku yayo uye waffles, inoshandisawo maSouth classics se shrimp uye grits, mabhisikiti uye gravy, uye mapakeke emabhanana. Iwo migove ane rupo, uye hushamwari hwekudya kwemhepo inobata musimboti wekugamuchira vaeni veMaodzanyemba.
- Maple Street Biscuit Co. - Ichi chinodiwa chikafu chemangwanani uye cheni chekudya chakatanga muJacksonville uye chave nzvimbo yemuno. Mabhisikiti avo masangweji ane mukurumbira - kubva kuhuku yakakangwa uye bhekoni kusvika kune inotapira mhiripiri jelly uye mbudzi chizi musanganiswa. Batanidza chikafu chako nekofi yakagochwa munharaunda yako kana siginecha yavo yemepu latte yechiitiko chizere.
- TacoLu -Inoyevedza taco yakabatana muJacksonville Beach ine inonakidza, beachy mamiriro. Menyu inosanganisira Baja-style tacos, brisket burritos, uye shrimp quesadillas, zvose zvakaitwa kubva pakutanga. Kushongedzwa kwemavara, runyoro rwetequila, uye mimhanzi inorarama inoita TacoLu imwe yenzvimbo dzinonakidza dzekudyira pamahombekombe.
- Bold Bean Coffee Roasters -Imba yenharaunda yevagadziri uye vanoda kofi. Iyi cafe yeumhizha inopa espresso yakagadzirwa nemaoko, mabikirwo anotonhora, uye makeke anobikwa munharaunda munzvimbo yakasununguka, ine minimalist. Yakanakira kutanga mangwanani ako kana kuwana rimwe basa riri kure richiitwa uchinyura muJacksonville's cafe tsika.
Kudya Kwakanaka:
- Restaurant Orsay -Iyo French-American gem muRiverside, inopa yakaomesesa asi inosvikika yekudyira chiitiko. Menyu yavo ine ndiro dzakaita sedhadha confit, oyster pahafu yegoko, uye yakabikwa yakabikwa steaks. Mamiriro ekunze anoyevedza asi anokoka, ane yepamusoro-tier cocktail chirongwa uye inonakidza kusarudzwa kwewaini.
- Cowford Chophouse -Mukuru wedhorobha steakhouse inogara muchivakwa chakadzoreredzwa chenhoroondo. Nakidzwa nekuchekwa kwenyama yemombe, shongwe dzegungwa, uye mativi akasununguka senge truffle mac uye cheese paunenge uchitora mawonero erwizi anotsvaira kubva padenga remba. Cowford Chophouse inosanganisa yakasarudzika yekuAmerica nekubata kwechimanje dhizaini, ichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kune yakakosha zviitiko.
- Matthew's Restaurant -Inowanikwa muSan Marco, iyi yakanaka yekudyira yakamisa chiyero chehunyanzvi hwekubika muJacksonville kweanopfuura makumi maviri emakore. Iwo mamenu anotyairwa neshefu anoravira emwaka uye emuno zvimisikidzo, zvinoratidzwa zvine hunyanzvi munzvimbo yakanatswa. Sevhisi haina kunaka, uye rondedzero yewaini iri pakati peakanakisa muFlorida.
- O-Ku Sushi -Iyo inoyevedza sushi uye yekuAsia fusion yekudyira padhuze neJacksonville Beach inopa hunyanzvi rolls, sashimi, uye sake pairings. Iyo ambiance yemazuva ano, patio yedenga remba, uye mhepo yemugungwa inoita kuti ive nzvimbo yakanaka yekudya kwemanheru erudo kana husiku hwepamusoro.
- Taverna -Iresitorendi yeMediterranean-yakafuridzirwa yekuItaly muSan Marco Square inopa pastas dzakagadzirwa nemaoko, mapizza anopiswa nehuni, uye rondedzero yakakura yewaini. Yayo rustic asi yakakwenenzverwa aesthetic inogadzira inodziya uye inokoka mamiriro ekunze, akanakira mazuva ehusiku kana kuungana kwemhuri.
Kune avo vari kutsvaga chimwe chinhu chakasiyana, chiitiko cheJackville's culinary chinewo matombo akavanzika semarori ezvekudya emuno anoshandira gourmet tacos, barbecue pop-ups, uye misika yemurimi inopa purazi-ku-tafura kudya. Hazvina mhosva kuravira kwako kana bhajeti, Duval County inopa musanganiswa unonaka wekunakidzwa kwemahombekombe egungwa uye upscale yekudyira zviitiko.
🎉 Kunakidzwa Kwemhuri
- 🐯 Catty Shack Ranch Wildlife Sanctuary - Swedera padyo nekatsi hombe dzakanunurwa panguva yerwendo rwemanheru panzvimbo ino inodiwa. Dzidza nezvemadindingwe, shumba, uye makudo zvinozvidaidza kuti kumusha, uye tsigira nhamburiko dzadzo dzokuchengetedza kuburikidza nezviitiko zvedzidzo zvinotungamirirwa. Nzvimbo tsvene inopawo kushanya kwemafoto uye zviitiko zvine hushamwari nemhuri zvinosimudzira ruzivo rwemhuka. Vashanyi vanogona kunakidzwa nekuratidzira kwekudya uye kuona idzi mhuka dzinoshamisa munzvimbo yakasikwa, yakachengeteka. Kune vana, kune hurukuro dzekudzidzisa uye zviitiko zvinodyidzana zvinoita kuti kudzidza nezvekuchengetedza mhuka kunakidze uye kunoreva.
- 🎢 Adventure Landing -Paki yekuvaraidza ine mini-gorofu, go-karts, mitambo yeArcade, uye nzvimbo yemvura yakanakira vana, vechidiki, uye mhuri. Paki iyi inowanzoita zviitiko zvemwaka senge Halloween inotyisa husiku uye mapati echirimo anoputika. Kunze kwezvikwiriso, mhuri dzinogona kunakidzwa nesnack bars, shaded picnic nzvimbo, uye zuva rekuzvarwa mapakeji anosanganisira zvinokwezva uye kudya. Kusanganiswa kwayo kwekunakidzwa uye kusvikika kunoita kuti ive imwe yenzvimbo dzakakurumbira dzeJacksonville dzekuvaraidzwa kwemhuri kwegore rose.
- ???? Tree Hill Nature Center -A 50-acre dhorobha yekuchengetedza inopa nzira, butterfly magadheni, mhuka dzepapurazi, uye zvirongwa zvedzidzo yezvakatipoteredza kumazera ese. Mhuri dzinogona kutora mafambiro echisikigo anotungamirwa, shanyira zviratidziro zvidiki pamhuka dzesango, uye kunakidzwa nezviitiko zvakakosha segore negore Butterfly Festival. Zvirongwa zvepakati zvinodzidzisa vana nezve kuchengetedzwa, ecology, uye kuchengetedza munzira dzinobata. Iyo inzvimbo yakanaka yekubuda kwehafu yezuva inosanganisa mafaro nedzidzo apo ichipa mhuri zororo rinozorodza kubva mubishi reguta.
- 🎨 Riverside Arts Market - Mugovera wega wega pasi peFuller Warren Bridge, nakidzwa nemimhanzi inorarama, zvigadzirwa zvemuno, uye mhizha dzakagadzirwa nemaoko. Kupinzwa mahara, uye musika wave hubhu yenharaunda umo mhuri dzinogona kufamba, kudya, uye kuona simba rekugadzira reJacksonville. Pamusoro pevashandi vemuno uye varimi, musika unoratidzira zviitwa zvepamoyo, makona ekugadzira evana, uye marori ezvekudya anopa zvinonaka zvepasirese. Mazuva ezviitiko zvakakosha anogona kusanganisira mitambo ine themed, kutorwa kwezvipfuyo, uye misika yezororo inoita kuti kushanya kwega kwega kuve kwakasiyana. Inzira inonakidza, inodyidzana yekuti mhuri dziongorore tsika dzenzvimbo uku dzichitsigira mabhizimisi madiki.
🌈 Zviitiko Zvepagore & Mafesti
| chiitiko | nguva | Muchidimbu |
|---|---|---|
| Jacksonville Jazz Festival | Chivabvu | Chimwe chezviitiko zvikuru zvemahara zvejazz muUS, zvakaitirwa mudhorobha pedyo nerwizi. |
| Gate Rwizi Run | Kurume | Mujaho mukuru munyika we15K, unokwevera zviuru zvevamhanyi nevaoni. |
| Kutanga Mutambo weBlues | Kubvumbi | Mutambo wemahara wepamhenderekedzo yepamhenderekedzo yegungwa paJacksonville Beach. |
| Mhemberero yeNyika yeMarudzi | Kukadzi–Kurume | Chiitiko chetsika dzakasiyana chinoratidza chikafu, mimhanzi, uye hunyanzvi kubva kutenderera pasirese. |
| Florida-Georgia Nhabvu Classic | Mbudzi | Mutambo wekukwikwidza nhabvu wekoreji une mapato makuru ekumashure mudhorobha. |
| Jacksonville Light Boat Parade | Thanksgiving Weekend | Zvikepe zvemutambo zvinofora zvichidzika neRwizi rweSt. Johns, zvichiteverwa nefireworks. |
🏘️ Mazano Anoshanda Ekufamba
- 🚗 Kutenderera: Mota yakakosha kuti uongorore Duval County zvakanaka, sezvo guta richitenderera nzvimbo yakakura uye zvifambiso zvevoruzhinji zvishoma. Vashanyi vanogona kuvimba neJTA bhazi system uye Skyway monorail yekufamba kwenguva pfupi mukati medhorobha, asi rideshare sarudzo seUber neLyft ndidzo dzakanyanya kunaka. Kupaka kunowanikwa zvakanyanya uye kazhinji mahara kumapaki nemahombekombe, kunyangwe magaraji emudhorobha anogona kubhadharisa mitengo yeawa. Kune vafambi vane hushamwari, bhasikoro uye scooter rendi inopa nzira inoyevedza yekuongorora nzira dzemurwizi nenharaunda.
- 🌤️ Nguva Yakanakisa Yekushanyira: Chirimo (Kurume-Chivabvu) nekudonha (Gunyana-Mbudzi) zvinounza mamiriro ekunze anofadza, tembiricha yakapfava, uye mhomho shoma, yakanakira kushanya kwekunze nemitambo. Zhizha rinopa mahombekombe-akakwana mazuva, kunyangwe kupisa uye humidity peak; ronga mabasa emangwanani kana manheru kuti ugare wakatonhorera. Chando chakapfava uye chakanyarara, chakanakira vafambi vebhajeti vanosarudza mapoka madiki uye mitengo yakaderera yehotera. Tarisa kalendari yechiitiko chemunharaunda yemitambo yakaita seJacksonville Jazz Festival uye Gate River Run paunenge uchironga rwendo rwako.
- 🤝 Tsika dzeNharaunda: Duval County vagari vemo vane hushamwari uye vanogashira, vane yakasununguka Southern charm. Mahombekombe anozaruka pakubuda kwezuva uye anovhara pakuvira kwezuva; nguva dzose tevera mitemo yakatumirwa yemhuka dzesango nekuchengetedza. Mukati memwaka wekugara kwekamba dzemugungwa (Chivabvu-Gumiguru), mwenje usina kujeka pamhenderekedzo yegungwa uye udzivise matendere ane mavara anovhiringidza. Remekedza nzvimbo yako uye iva neruremekedzo kune vamwe vashanyi pane zvinokwezva. Kurovera kutenderedza 18-20% mumaresitorendi, $1-2 pachinwiwa pamabhawa, uye yevalet kana concierge masevhisi ndiyo yakajairwa. Mapaki ane hushamwari hwemhuka uye mabhichi zvakajairika, asi maredhi uye mitemo yekuchenesa inoshanda.
- 🏨 Sarudzo dzekugara: Duval County inopa dzakasiyana siyana dzekugara kuti dzikwane maitiro evafambi uye bhajeti. Sarudza nzvimbo dzekutandarira dzepagungwa paJacksonville Beach kuti utarise kubuda kwezuva kunoshamisa uye kuwana nyore surf, kana mahotera eboutique muSan Marco neRiverside kune imwe nzvimbo ine hunyanzvi uye inofambika. Downtown inogara padyo neRirwalk neSouthbank yakanakira vafambi vebhizinesi uye vanoenda zviitiko. Kuti uwane pekugara pakanaka, funga pekurara-uye-yekudya kwemangwanani kana kurojesa kwezororo pedyo nemhenderekedzo. Mahotera mazhinji anopa emahara yekupaka, dziva, uye kudya kwemangwanani, nepo zvivakwa zveumbozha zvine spas, mbariro dzedenga remba, uye yakanaka yekudyira sarudzo.
🌟 Pfungwa dzekupedzisira
Duval County inzvimbo yekuenda iyo isingashande inosanganisa kuzorora, nhoroondo, uye kushanya. Kunyangwe iwe uri kayaking nemunzira dzinoyevedza dzemvura, uchiravira nyowani Mayport shrimp, kana kutamba paJacksonville Jazz Festival, makona ese edunhu iri remahombekombe anopa runako rwayo. Nekusanganiswa kwayo kwezuva, tsika, uye mutsa weMaodzanyemba, Jacksonville neDuval County inovimbisa chiitiko chisingakanganwiki kune vafambi vemarudzi ese.